What is the difference between DDL, DML and DCL?

Data Definition Language (DDL)There are called data definition cause they define the data
  • Create - creates objects in the database
  • Alter - alters objects in the database
  • Drop - deletes objects in the database
  • Truncate - deletes all records from the table along with the space
  • Rename - renames objects in the database
Data Manipulation Language (DML)These are used for data manipulation
  • Select - selects records from the table
  • Insert - create a new record in the table
  • Update - updates the records in the table
  • Delete - deletes all the records in the table, but the space remains
  • Lock Table - locks a table for controlling data concurrency
Data Control Language (DCL)This is used to control the data, that the data that can be accessed by the user based on his privilege
  • Grant - grants users access to the database
  • Revoke - removes the access of the user to the database
Transaction Control Language (TCL)
This is used to control the changes done by the DML statemets
  • Commit - committing the transaction to the database
  • Rollback - rollback is used to revert back the transaction until the last commit
  • SavePoint - identify a point in a transaction to which you can later roll back
  • Set Transaction - change transaction options like isolation level and what rollback segment to use

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